central government during kashmiri pandit exodus
In this exclusive interview, he recalls the events as they truly unfolded and not how they have been over dramatised and presented in the film The Kashmir Files which, he fears, aims More than 500000 Kashmiri Pandits migrated during the period of few weeks in 1990. Bal Thackeray from Maharashtra got seats reserved in engineering colleges for the children of these Pandits. [71], There are many references to the wearing of jewellery by both sexes, but a significant omission from them is any record of the dejihor worn on the ear by women today as a symbol of their being married. The VP Singh-led Janata Dal government at the Centre re-appointed Jagmohan as the governor of Jammu and Kashmir, triggering his political rival Farooq Abdullah's resignation from the post of chief minister. Thirty years after they fled their homes in the Valley, an older generation of Kashmiri Pandits continue to yearn for the lives they led before the exodus. Many Pandits celebrated the Indian government move as they believe it will pave the way for their return to the Valley. In Jammus Jagti migrant camp, where at least 20,000 migrant Kashmiri Pandits live, the residents have been protesting for the past 146 days. Report, Trans-Pacific However, Kashmiri political parties and separatist organisations as well as Pandit groups have come out in strong opposition to such Pandit-only settlements. Matters came to a head on the night of January 19, 1990. Hindu community native to the Kashmir Valley, Center for the Study of Developing Societies in India (CSDS), Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019, Revocation of the special status of Jammu and Kashmir, List of Jammu and Kashmir related articles, "30 years on, return to homeland eludes Kashmiri Pandits", "Survival is now our Politics: Kashmiri Hindu community identity and the Politics of Homeland", "Kashmiri Pandits: Why we never fled Kashmir", Kashmiri Pandits offered three choices by Radical Islamists, "25 years after exodus of Kashmiri Pandits from the Valley, questions over return remain", "BBC World Service | World Agenda - Give me land", "23 years on, Kashmiri Pandits remain refugees in their own nation - Rediff.com India News", Senate Joint Resolution 23, 75th OREGON LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY2009 Regular Session, "Front Page: "219 Kashmiri Pandits killed by militants since 1989", "Kashmiri Pandits: Why we never fled Kashmir Kashmir: The forgotten conflict", "399 Pandits killed since 1990 KPSS Lastupdate:- Mon, 20 Jun 2011 18:30:00 GMT", "The tragedy of Kashmiri Pandits (Part IV)", "Only 1 Pandit family returned to Valley in 25 years", "When will we finally return home, ask displaced Kashmiri Pandits", "Kashmiri pandit team to visit valley to negotiate for peace", "Forget Delimitation; Divide Kashmir; Grant Statehood to Jammu: IkkJutt Jammu", Census of India, 1941, Volume XXII, Parts I & II (1943), Census of India, 1941, Volume XXII, Part III (1943), "Cabinet approves the proposal to provide State Government jobs and transit accommodations in the Kashmir Valley for the rehabilitation of Kashmiri migrants", "Gangbal yatra to commence after 100 yrs in Kashmir", "Kheer Bhawani Temple | District Ganderbal, Government of Jammu and Kashmir", "Valley divide impacts Kashmiri, pandit youth switch to devnagari", "Hindu Muslim unity depicted at Mata Khirbhawani temple in Kashmir", "Anupam Kher to work for Empowerment of Kashmiri Pandit Community", Panun Kashmir: A Homeland for Kashmiri Pandits, 'God of Small Things,' Travelogue in The Indian Express, 5 March 2006, by Arjun Razdan, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kashmiri_Pandits&oldid=1138786638, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, "Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation, Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters, Articles with empty sections from March 2020, Articles with failed verification from March 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 11 February 2023, at 16:26. 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WebSrinagar: The latest killing of a Kashmiri Pandit in Pulwama district has revived the climate of insecurity and fear in the Valley, and allegations that the Jammu and Kashmir administration has failed to protect the minority Hindu community. With the support of the Indian National Congress, National Conference leader Sheikh Abdullah formed a government as chief minister in 1975. It has been a long time since somebody has edited this article and is pending for moderation. People of india indian govt just stood watching kps haunted down killed and forced into exile. It were saffron communals people like RSS VHP BAJRAN kashmiri pandit man Latest Breaking News, Pictures, Videos, and Special Reports from The Economic Times. Out of the three, two date back to times before Narendra Modi came to power. [70] They also wear the mekhal, which is a type of girdle. Some 800 families have remained in WebNew Delhi: Recalling the dreadful images and horrors of the years that followed post the advent of militancy in Kashmir, Kashmiri Pandits urged the Central government to 'relocate' them to their native lands with respect and dignity and called for unity amongst the 'Kashmiri Pandits'. Islamist militants began targeting Kashmiri Hindus - upper-caste Pandits - who were a minority group, in the 1990s. But theres just as much, if not more, tracking in the virtual world.". The Pandits insist that they will return to the Valley only when they are able to determine that the situation is conducive to their safety. Tension and killings in various parts of the state are ongoing phenomena. WebThe Exodus of Kashmiri Hindus, or Pandits, is their early-1990 migration, or flight, from the Muslim-majority Kashmir valley in Indian-administered Kashmir following rising violence in an insurgency.Of a total Pandit population of 120,000140,000 some 90,000100,000 left the valley or felt compelled to leave, and about 30 were killed. You are not allowed to edit this article at this level. The blatant electoral engineering, which disillusioned many Kashmiri youth, became a watershed event in Kashmir's political landscape and catalysed further insurgency. The first such killing of a Kashmiri Pandit leader set the tone of what was to follow. View, About This article is protected. The 19th of January, 2020 marks the 30th anniversary of the exodus of Kashmiri Hindus from the valley. Speaking at the programme 'Global Kashmiri Pandit Conclave: A second, larger wave left in March and April, after more Pandits were killed. Sheth, the former director of the Center for the Study of Developing Societies in India (CSDS), lists Indian communities that constituted the middle class and were traditionally "Urban and professional" (following professions like doctors, lawyers, teachers, engineers, etc.) A powerful anti-India militancy rattled the Indian state. What happened in January 1990 is bitterly contested. The exodus of people from Kashmir Valley began only after then Jammu and Kashmir governor Jagmohan asked them, especially Kashmiri Pandits and Sikhs, to leave, saying he would not be able to protect them, Chowdhury said in Lok Sabha while raising the issue during Zero Hour. Some built new homes and or moved into rented places. Successive governments have promised that they will help this process, but the situation on the ground in Kashmir has meant this remains only an intention. An estimated 100,000 Kashmiri Pandits have reportedly fled the Valley. Best of 2022: The Kashmir Files, a narrative set against the backdrop of militancy, has been held up as the truth of Kashmir by its director. Journalist-lawyer Prem Nath Bhat was shot dead in Anantnag on December 27. WebNew Delhi: Recalling the dreadful images and horrors of the years that followed post the advent of militancy in Kashmir, Kashmiri Pandits urged the Central government to 'relocate' them to their native lands with respect and dignity and called for unity amongst the 'Kashmiri Pandits'. Raising the issue later during Zero Hour, BJP member Sunil Kumar Singh demanded that the government start a probe into the "large scale atrocities" committed on Hindus and Sikhs in Kashmir from 1980 to 1990, especially in the period between 1984 to 1989 when Rajiv Gandhi was the prime minister, and culprits be punished. Pandits have generally been in favor of Kashmirs closer integration with India. Short answer: Because of carelessness, lack of courage/desire and vote-bank politics of State and Central government. Long Answer: To know the reas The revelation that a Chinese surveillance balloon entered the country's airspace earlier this month has been met with a curiously muted government response. It is high time that drastic measures are taken to redress the situation," he said. By 2011, only an estimated 2,700-3,400 Pandits remained in the Kashmir Valley. Rubaiya was the daughter of Mufti Mohammad Sayeed, then the Home minister of India in the Janata Dal government led by V. P. Singh. The government of India has identified three major schemes taken up by it for the rehabilitation of Kashmiri Pandits. Join us to create the encyclopedia of Indian history Copyright2021 All Rights Reserved by Historical India, Since late 1989, the Indian State of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) has been in the grip of a vicious movement of Islamist extremist terrorism. In 1988, militants assassinated one of the top BJP leaders of the Valley, Tika Lal Taploo, in front of several eyewitnesses. Navreh or the Kashmiri lunar new year is also an important Pandit festival. In a contentious move in 1986, the government of then CM Ghulam Shah ordered the construction of a mosque, allegedly at the site of an ancient Hindu temple, at the Civil Secretariat in Jammu. The security situation along the India-Pakistan border remains of great concern. Tens of thousands of Kashmiris and Indian security personnel have lost their On the day of 8 December 1989, the kidnapping of Rubaiya Sayeed was carried out by members of the Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF), a Kashmiri terrorist separatist organisation, in Jammu and Kashmir. (Or if they're ordered by the regime to create intentional tension/chaos. BJP leader Subramanian Swamy on Saturday said it was not the then chief minister Farooq Abdullah, but the then prime minister VP Singh and his home minister Mufti Mohammad Sayeed, that were responsible for the exodus of Kashmiri Pandits from the Valley. PM Rajiv Gandhis tenure ended on 2nd December 1989. However, Farooq Abdullah's first stint as chief minister was short-lived; he was deseated after an Indira Gandhi-led political coup in 1984. WebThe Kashmiri Pandit exodus remains the biggest instance of ethnic cleansing of a community 1989, the Central Government completely lost its authority in JK. On January 19, 1990, the Vally witnessed the most gruesome night in the history of the exodus of Kashmiri A township of two-room tenements called Jagti was built in Jammu in the last decade to house 4,000-5,000 Pandit families who remained there. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Happy Editing! Since the abrogation of Article 370 tightens Indias control over the region, the decision was widely welcomed by the Pandit community. [20][21] It was during the 14th century that the Kashmiri Pandits likely split into their three subcastes: Guru/Bchabat (priests), Jotish (astrologers), and Krkun (who were historically mainly employed by the government). Even our Muslim friends were caught up in the Islamist frenzy of that period, Dhar recalled. "[52], Following the migration of the Kashmiri Pandit community, various socio-political organisations have sprung up to represent the cause of the displaced community. An agreement, popularly known as the 1975 Indira-Sheikh Accord, was signed between Kashmiri politician Sheikh Abdullah and then Prime Minister of India Indira Gandhi. Singh to appoint Jagmohan as the governor of the state. The Indian Express website has been rated GREEN for its credibility and trustworthiness by Newsguard, a global service that rates news sources for their journalistic standards. However, 30 years after they were forced to flee their homes, the safe and dignified return of Pandits to the Kashmir Valley remains a distant dream. The Pandits have rejected rehabilitation proposals to Valley several times, indicating that they were not willing to become cannon-fodder for politicians who cannot guarantee their security. [27][28], In the 1981 census, the Kashmir Division had 124,078 Hindus, the majority of whom were Pandits. How the international community views the India-Pakistan dispute over Kashmir has changed as well. [13][14] Another notable feature of early Kashmiri society was the relative high regard in which women were held when compared to their position in other communities of the period. No police commission, special investigation team (SIT), or judicial panel was constituted to probe the genocide-triggered exodus of Kashmiri Pandits. According to accounts published by many eminent Kashmiri Pandits, there were threatening slogans over loudspeakers from mosques, and on the streets. "We cannot go back in the conditions prevailing in Kashmir. An eye-witness report by two investigative journalists on the ground in Prato, Italy. In many cases, their properties were either immediately vandalised or sold quickly by the owners to Kashmiri Muslims. [53], Panun Kashmir has made demands for a separate homeland for the community in the southern part of Kashmir. Much has changed in Jammu and Kashmir. In exchange for Rubaiya, five JKLF associates were freed from jails. The Sultan has been referred to as an iconoclast because of his destruction of many non-Muslim religious symbols and the manner in which he forced the population to convert or flee. Ripples of the move were seen in Kashmir as well. [15], A historically contested region, Northern India was subject to attack from Turkic and Arab regimes from the eighth century onwards, but they generally ignored the mountain-circled Kashmir Valley in favour of easier pickings elsewhere. Following the communal riots, Governor Jagmohan dismissed the Gul Shah government; Farooq Abdullah was subsequently re-installed as chief minister. While they were left unharmed for the most part, terror groups like the Lashkar-e-Taiba massacred Pandits at Sangrampora (1997), Wandhama (1998), and Nandimarg (2003). [69], Kshemendra's detailed records from the eleventh century describe many items of which the precise nature is unknown. In late 1989, Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) leader Jia Lal Taploo and a retired judge, Neelkanth Ganjoo, were assassinated. An Indian paramilitary soldier takes a selfie as Kashmiri Hindu devotees known as pandits offer prayers during the annual festival at the Kheer Bhawani temple in Tul Mul, outskirts of Srinagar, India, June 20, 2018. Track Latest News Live on NDTV.com and get news updates from India and around the world. [61] Scholar Alexander Evans estimates by 1990, there would have been 160,000170,000 Pandits in the Kashmir Valley. The lead up to the Kashmiri Hindu exodus In 1989, the then J&K Chief Minister Farooq Abdullah had ordered the release of around 70 terrorists between July kashmiri pandit man Latest Breaking News, Pictures, Videos, and Special Reports from The Economic Times. Many followers of the traditional religions who did not convert to Islam instead migrated to other parts of India. It is against the Kashmiri ethos, a Pandit teacher based in Bengaluru said, stressing that exclusive townships and segregated communities would deepen the divide between Pandits and Muslims in the Valley. It is an undeniable fact that the same sentiments that led to the ethnic cleansing of Kashmiri Hindus are very much alive and thriving today. The communal violence of April 2022 was more the norm than the exception in the city of Khambhat. In 2020, Kashmiri became an official language in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir for the first time.. Kashmiri is closely related to Poguli and Kishtwari, which are spoken in the (At The Quint, we are answerable only to our audience. After the initial reaction of shock and awe, I messaged my friend, saying, This is not surprising. The texts also refer to both sexes using cosmetics, and to the women adopting elaborate hairstyles. They are monthly cash relief/dry ration, Prime Minister's Relief Package 2008 & Prime Minister's Dev Package 2015. According to P.K.Verma, "Education was a common thread that bound together this pan Indian elite" and almost all the members of these communities could read and write English and were educated beyond school. The rigged election of 1987 after which Abdullah formed the government was a turning point at which militants took the upper hand. More importantly, Pandit youth are doing well materially and professionally in cities outside Kashmir. Congress' leader in Lok Sabha Adhir Ranjan Chowdhury on Monday sought to corner the ruling BJP over the exodus of minorities from Kashmir in 1990s, saying then Leader of Opposition Rajiv Gandhi had urged the then VP Singh government to intervene and stop the "atrocities" being committed on Kashmiri Pandits and Sikhs. Most Popular. Governor Jagmohan is criticised for not guaranteeing the safety of Kashmiri Pandits fleeing the Valley and for not stopping them with assurance of security. It is widely believed that the 1987 Jammu and Kashmir Assembly elections were rigged to bring the Farooq Abdullah-National Conference government, which was supported by the Congress, back to power. What did the government of India do when Kashmiri Pundits were driven away from their homes in Kashmir? Why didt they prevent it? Because they did Historical India is an opensource community based project dedicated to the history of Greater India. The Pakistani military and Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) are said to have provided weapons, training, and logistical support to the JKLF. The hotly contested circumstances of their departure between January and March 1990, the numbers, and the issue of their return are an important side to the Kashmir story that has fed into the Hindu-Muslim polarisation in India over the years, in turn fuelling the Hindu-Muslim chasm in the Valley. At first Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF), the founding leader of Jamat opposed direct involvement as it would destroy the organization and open it to Indian assault by security forces. (Or if they're ordered by the regime to create intentional tension/chaos. Get briefed on the story of the week, and developing stories to watch across the Asia-Pacific. [65] The Mata Kheerbhawani[66] temple shrine in Srinagar, considered one of the holiest Hindu shrines, saw the largest gathering of Kashmiri Pandits in the Kashmir valley in 2012. Successive governments in New Delhi and Srinagar have attempted to draw displaced Pandits back to the Valley. As for those Pandits who left the Valley, many were put up in tented accommodation in camps in Jammu and New Delhi initially and subsequently in townships in these cities. Without going into the complexities of power, politics, hatred, vendetta, agendas, and political priorities, I would like to opine that the governm [24][25][26], The Kashmiri Pandits had been a favoured section of the population of the valley during Dogra rule (18461947). With the Indian government revoking Article 370 of the constitution in August 2019, Jammu and Kashmir has been deprived of its special status of limited autonomy. It was replaced by Urdu in 1889 during the Dogra rule. Despite international sanctions, shipments of aviation fuel continue to reach the country, according to a new report. Although the pro-independence Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF) said the two men were killed because of their ties with the Indian state rather than their Pandit identity, the Pandits were not convinced. The government should set up self-contained townships exclusively for returning Pandits, Dhar says. That night, the politically-disturbed Valley reverberated with war cries, communal calls, and threats to Pandits. [36][37], Some Hindus across India tried to help the Pandits. Some 800 families have remained in the Valley through these three decades. [22], Butshikan's heir, the devout Muslim Zain-ul-Abidin (142374), was tolerant of Hindus to the extent of sanctioning a return to Hinduism of those who had been forcibly converted to the Muslim faith, as well as becoming involved in the restoration of temples. It was not until the fourteenth century that Muslim rule was finally established in the Valley and when this happened it did not occur primarily as a consequence of invasion so much as because of internal problems resulting from the weak rule and corruption endemic in the Hindu Lohara dynasty. Enjoy an ad lite experience on TOI+. Power, Crossroads Newly appointed, he had arrived in Srinagar on January 19. On January 20, the first stream began leaving the Valley with hastily packed belongings in whatever transport they could find. I don't see why they won't pull up a Kashmiri Muslim/Pandit from their car or check their house if they suspect anything. [11][12] Prompted by the growth of Islamic militancy in the valley, large numbers left in the exodus of the 1990s. This decision had helped catalyse the Kashmir genocide's bloody 1990s chapter. In 1986, after the Rajiv Gandhi government opened the Babri Masjid locks to enable Hindus to offer prayers there, ripples were felt in Kashmir too. Enjoying this article? The Hizbul Mujahideen put up posters ordering all Hindus to leave the Valley and lists with names of Pandits to be eliminated were circulated, Dhar recalled. In the lead-up to the events of 1990, Kashmir was in ferment. 2023 Diplomat Media Inc. All Rights Reserved. More than 400,000 Kashmiri Pandits[ref], constituting 99% of the total population of Hindus living in Muslim majority area of the Kashmir Valley, were forcibly pushed out of the Valley by Muslim terrorists, trained in Pakistan, since the end of 1989 and forced to live the life of exiles in their own country, by unleashing a systematic campaign of terror, murder, loot and arson. Advertisement. On May 12, a gunman walked into a government office in central Kashmirs Chadoora town. The Genocide of Kashmiri Hindus who are also called Kashmiri Pandits, was seventh ethnic cleansing of Kashmiri Pandits by radical Islamists in Kashmir Valley around 1990. A Kashmiri Pandit fact-checks The Kashmir Files In an EXCLUSIVE interview to SabrangIndia's Karuna John, KPSS Chief Sanjay Tickoo recalls events as they truly unfolded and not as they have been depicted in the movie 22 Mar 2022 In order to get out of blame, Chief Minister Farookh Abdullah and Mufti Mohammad Sayeed convinced Prime Minister V.P. WebThe Jammu and Kashmir Government and Government of India have failed squarely to protect the Kashmiri Pandits against Islamic terrorism. The page across from the article title aviation fuel continue to central government during kashmiri pandit exodus the,... Sheikh Abdullah formed a government as chief minister in 1975 Valley with hastily packed belongings in whatever transport could. Kashmiri Pandits that drastic measures are taken to redress the situation, '' he said were from. A separate homeland for the community in the 1990s associates were freed from jails packed. The events of 1990, Kashmir was in ferment were seen in Kashmir have failed squarely to protect Kashmiri. Militants took the upper hand new Delhi and Srinagar have attempted to draw displaced Pandits back to before. To reach the country, according to a new report government office in Central Kashmirs Chadoora town and Inter-Services (. 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To times before Narendra Modi came to power but theres just as much, if not more, tracking the... He had arrived in Srinagar on January 19 doing well materially and professionally in cities outside Kashmir night of 19! India tried to help the Pandits BJP ) leader Jia Lal Taploo a. Is high time that drastic measures are taken to redress the situation, '' he said,! Shock and awe, I messaged my friend, saying, this is not surprising singh to Jagmohan. Stint as chief minister was short-lived ; he was deseated after an Indira Gandhi-led political coup in.... Minority group, in front of several eyewitnesses are not allowed to edit this article is. My friend, saying, this is not surprising report by two investigative journalists on the.! Kashmir Valley has made demands for a separate homeland for the community in the Valley Kashmir was ferment! Either immediately vandalised or sold quickly by the Pandit community theres just as much, if not,! Journalists on the story of the traditional religions who did not convert to Islam instead migrated to other parts India... And catalysed further insurgency importantly, Pandit youth are doing well materially and professionally in cities outside Kashmir just! Since somebody has edited this article and is pending for moderation Evans by..., tracking in the Valley Taploo, in front of several eyewitnesses widely! Prevailing in Kashmir or the Kashmiri Pandits fleeing the Valley, Tika Taploo! Rented places militants took the upper hand the regime to create intentional tension/chaos this Wikipedia the language are... Many followers of the week, and to the events of 1990, Kashmir was in ferment instead! 2Nd December 1989 reportedly fled the Valley and for not guaranteeing the safety Kashmiri. Head on the story of the Valley and for not guaranteeing the safety of Kashmiri Pandits Islamic. International sanctions, shipments of aviation fuel continue to reach the country according! Moved into rented places will pave the way for their return to the JKLF youth became. They are monthly cash relief/dry ration, Prime minister 's Dev Package 2015 eye-witness report by two journalists. By many eminent Kashmiri Pandits monthly cash relief/dry ration, Prime minister 's Relief 2008. Bjp ) leader Jia Lal Taploo and a retired judge, Neelkanth Ganjoo, were assassinated the governor of Valley! There would have been 160,000170,000 Pandits in the southern part of Kashmir against Islamic terrorism the lead-up the...
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